Trafficking of women during and after armed conflict is a gender-based human rights violation and criminal activity. Important contributing factors are the economic vulnerability of women, the existence of war and post-war economies built on criminal activities, and the lack of an accountable justice system which leads to impunity of the perpetrators of gender-based violence. For understanding the links between trafficking in women and armed conflict a gendered analysis of conflict and post-conflict rebuilding is useful. This study is based on the analysis of reports of international governmental and non-governmental organizations, as well as newspaper articles and academic publications. In addition, experts and representatives of different NGOs and international organizations were interviewed. More information about human trafficking on the website of GTZ.